灵鹊做题网21世纪大学英语读写教程三课本语法分析
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21世纪大学英语读写教程三课本语法分析
【1】abandon英 [əbændən] 美 [əbændən]
vt. 放弃,抛弃；离弃,丢弃；使屈从；停止进行,终止
n. 放任,放纵；完全屈从于压制
放弃； 抛弃； 背弃； 废弃
过去式：abandoned
过去分词：abandoned
现在分词：abandoning
第三人称单数：abandons
①【离弃；遗弃；抛弃】
【If you abandon a place, thing, or person, you leave the place, thing, or person permanently or for a long time, especially when you should not do so. 】
He claimed that his parents had abandoned him...
他声称父母遗弃了他.
The road is strewn with abandoned vehicles.
道路上满是弃置的车辆.
②【中途放弃,中止（活动、工作等）】
【If you abandon an activity or piece of work, you stop doing it before it is finished.】
The authorities have abandoned any attempt to distribute food...
当局中止了分发食物的尝试.
The scheme's investors, fearful of bankruptcy, decided to abandon the project. 因为担心破产,该计划的投资者决定放弃这个项目.
③【放弃（想法或思路）】
【If you abandon an idea or way of thinking, you stop having that idea or thinking in that way.】
Logic had prevailed and he had abandoned the idea.
最终理智占了上风,他打消了那个念头.
④ 【放纵；使沉湎于】
【If you abandon yourself to an emotion, you think about it a lot and feel it strongly, especially when other people might think you are wrong to do so】
We are scared to abandon ourselves to our feelings in case we seem weak or out of control.
我们不敢放纵自己的情感,以免显得太过软弱或缺乏自制.
⑤【放任；放纵】
【If you say that someone does something with abandon, you mean that they behave in a wild, uncontrolled way and do not think or care about how they should behave.】
He has spent money with gay abandon...
他肆意挥霍钱财.
Their permissiveness toward their children reflects the wild abandon of their own lives.
他们对孩子的放任折射出他们自身生活的放浪形骸.
abandon, desert, forsake, leave, give up
这些动词或词组均含“抛弃,放弃”之意
abandon：强调永远或完全放弃或抛弃人或事物等,这可能是被迫的,也可能是自愿的.
desert：着重指违背法律责任和义务,或自己的信仰与誓言的行为,多含非难的意味.
forsake：侧重断绝感情上的依恋,自愿抛弃所喜欢的人或物.也指抛弃信仰或改掉恶习.
leave：普通用词,指舍弃某事或某一职业,或终止同一某人的关系,但不涉及动机与果.
give up：普通用语,侧重指没有希望或因外界压力而放弃.
【2】abash
英 [ə'bæʃ] 美 [əbæʃ]
vt. 使羞愧,使局促,使窘迫
adj. 窘迫的,尴尬的
adv. 窘迫地,尴尬地
n. 窘迫,尴尬
因惭愧而难为情； 使局促不安； 使羞愧； 使困窘
过去式：abashed
过去分词：abashed
现在分词：abashing
第三人称单数：abashes
使... 羞愧, 使... 脸红, 使局促不安
Your kindness quite abashed me.
你的情谊使我十分不安.
That could abash the little bird That kept so many warm.
能够使得小鸟不安保有此多暖意.
That could abash the little bird. 能使小巧的鸟儿备受伤害.
Nothing can abash him. 没有什麽事能让他脸红.
When the child see all the room fille with stranger, he is much abash.
那小孩一看到满屋子都是陌生人, 感到非常局促不安.
【3】abase
英 [əbeɪs] 美 [əbes]
vt. 使谦卑；使感到羞耻；使降低（地位、身份等）；降下
n. 贬低；屈辱；贬低别人的人
降低； 自卑； 落帆降旗降低； 贬
过去式：abased
过去分词：abased
现在分词：abasing
第三人称单数：abases
1. 贬, 降低(地位, 价值, 身分); 自卑, 自贬; 下降
A man who betrays a friend abases himself.
出卖朋友的人实际上是自贬身份.
The president is not willing to abase himself before the nation.
总统不愿在全国人民面前降低自己的威信.
He refused to abase himself in the eyes of others.
他不愿在他人面前被贬低.
A man who uses bad language will only abase himself.
说脏话者只会自贬身分.
She wanted to abase herself before the strong man, to be low and humble before him.
她使自己在这个强壮的男人面前显得更谦卑,低下和恭顺.
The leader's refusal to abase himself before his followers irritated the king.
这位首领拒绝在他的部下面前低三下四,这使得皇帝很恼火.
【3】abate英 [əˈbeɪt] 美 [əˈbet]
vt. 减少,减轻；[法]取消法令,作废
vi. 减轻；失效
n. 减轻；折扣
减少； 降低； 减轻； 消除
过去式：abated
过去分词：abated
现在分词：abating
第三人称单数：abates
① 【减弱；减轻；减退】
【If something bad or undesirable abates, it becomes much less strong or severe. 】
The storms had abated by the time they rounded Cape Horn.
他们绕过合恩角时,暴风雨已经减弱.
...a crime wave that shows no sign of abating.
丝毫没有减弱迹象的犯罪势头
We must abate the noise pollution in our city.
我们必须消除我们城里的噪音污染.
The doctor gave him some medicine to abate the powerful pain.
医生给了他某种药,以减弱那剧烈的疼痛.
The storm began to abate slightly.
风暴开始稍有所减弱.
But the dispute over industrial organization did not abate.
但关于产业工会的争执并未平息下来.
We abate something of the wanton extravagance of our pretensions.
我们把自己恣肆狂妄的心胸稍稍加以收敛.
vt. 放弃,抛弃；离弃,丢弃；使屈从；停止进行,终止
n. 放任,放纵；完全屈从于压制
放弃； 抛弃； 背弃； 废弃
过去式：abandoned
过去分词：abandoned
现在分词：abandoning
第三人称单数：abandons
①【离弃；遗弃；抛弃】
【If you abandon a place, thing, or person, you leave the place, thing, or person permanently or for a long time, especially when you should not do so. 】
He claimed that his parents had abandoned him...
他声称父母遗弃了他.
The road is strewn with abandoned vehicles.
道路上满是弃置的车辆.
②【中途放弃,中止（活动、工作等）】
【If you abandon an activity or piece of work, you stop doing it before it is finished.】
The authorities have abandoned any attempt to distribute food...
当局中止了分发食物的尝试.
The scheme's investors, fearful of bankruptcy, decided to abandon the project. 因为担心破产,该计划的投资者决定放弃这个项目.
③【放弃（想法或思路）】
【If you abandon an idea or way of thinking, you stop having that idea or thinking in that way.】
Logic had prevailed and he had abandoned the idea.
最终理智占了上风,他打消了那个念头.
④ 【放纵；使沉湎于】
【If you abandon yourself to an emotion, you think about it a lot and feel it strongly, especially when other people might think you are wrong to do so】
We are scared to abandon ourselves to our feelings in case we seem weak or out of control.
我们不敢放纵自己的情感,以免显得太过软弱或缺乏自制.
⑤【放任；放纵】
【If you say that someone does something with abandon, you mean that they behave in a wild, uncontrolled way and do not think or care about how they should behave.】
He has spent money with gay abandon...
他肆意挥霍钱财.
Their permissiveness toward their children reflects the wild abandon of their own lives.
他们对孩子的放任折射出他们自身生活的放浪形骸.
abandon, desert, forsake, leave, give up
这些动词或词组均含“抛弃,放弃”之意
abandon：强调永远或完全放弃或抛弃人或事物等,这可能是被迫的,也可能是自愿的.
desert：着重指违背法律责任和义务,或自己的信仰与誓言的行为,多含非难的意味.
forsake：侧重断绝感情上的依恋,自愿抛弃所喜欢的人或物.也指抛弃信仰或改掉恶习.
leave：普通用词,指舍弃某事或某一职业,或终止同一某人的关系,但不涉及动机与果.
give up：普通用语,侧重指没有希望或因外界压力而放弃.
【2】abash
英 [ə'bæʃ] 美 [əbæʃ]
vt. 使羞愧,使局促,使窘迫
adj. 窘迫的,尴尬的
adv. 窘迫地,尴尬地
n. 窘迫,尴尬
因惭愧而难为情； 使局促不安； 使羞愧； 使困窘
过去式：abashed
过去分词：abashed
现在分词：abashing
第三人称单数：abashes
使... 羞愧, 使... 脸红, 使局促不安
Your kindness quite abashed me.
你的情谊使我十分不安.
That could abash the little bird That kept so many warm.
能够使得小鸟不安保有此多暖意.
That could abash the little bird. 能使小巧的鸟儿备受伤害.
Nothing can abash him. 没有什麽事能让他脸红.
When the child see all the room fille with stranger, he is much abash.
那小孩一看到满屋子都是陌生人, 感到非常局促不安.
【3】abase
英 [əbeɪs] 美 [əbes]
vt. 使谦卑；使感到羞耻；使降低（地位、身份等）；降下
n. 贬低；屈辱；贬低别人的人
降低； 自卑； 落帆降旗降低； 贬
过去式：abased
过去分词：abased
现在分词：abasing
第三人称单数：abases
1. 贬, 降低(地位, 价值, 身分); 自卑, 自贬; 下降
A man who betrays a friend abases himself.
出卖朋友的人实际上是自贬身份.
The president is not willing to abase himself before the nation.
总统不愿在全国人民面前降低自己的威信.
He refused to abase himself in the eyes of others.
他不愿在他人面前被贬低.
A man who uses bad language will only abase himself.
说脏话者只会自贬身分.
She wanted to abase herself before the strong man, to be low and humble before him.
她使自己在这个强壮的男人面前显得更谦卑,低下和恭顺.
The leader's refusal to abase himself before his followers irritated the king.
这位首领拒绝在他的部下面前低三下四,这使得皇帝很恼火.
【3】abate英 [əˈbeɪt] 美 [əˈbet]
vt. 减少,减轻；[法]取消法令,作废
vi. 减轻；失效
n. 减轻；折扣
减少； 降低； 减轻； 消除
过去式：abated
过去分词：abated
现在分词：abating
第三人称单数：abates
① 【减弱；减轻；减退】
【If something bad or undesirable abates, it becomes much less strong or severe. 】
The storms had abated by the time they rounded Cape Horn.
他们绕过合恩角时,暴风雨已经减弱.
...a crime wave that shows no sign of abating.
丝毫没有减弱迹象的犯罪势头
We must abate the noise pollution in our city.
我们必须消除我们城里的噪音污染.
The doctor gave him some medicine to abate the powerful pain.
医生给了他某种药,以减弱那剧烈的疼痛.
The storm began to abate slightly.
风暴开始稍有所减弱.
But the dispute over industrial organization did not abate.
但关于产业工会的争执并未平息下来.
We abate something of the wanton extravagance of our pretensions.
我们把自己恣肆狂妄的心胸稍稍加以收敛.