英语语法问题What is needed in the case of noise is a study of larg

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英语语法问题
What is needed in the case of noise is a study of large numbers of people living noisy conditions,to discover whether they are mentally ill more often than other people.
这里的What is needed in the case of noise 当what做主语从句时是不是表示什么什么事.
可不可以直接理解为：对于噪音,我们需要做的是.
我的理解正确吗

答：你的理解和翻译都和很好.
What is needed is that-从句是一个常见的句型.
你的这个句子结构是：what is needed is +名词（表语）更简单.
其中what is needed 是一个主语从句,what=the +名词+that-定语从句.
这里,根据need the thing (需要东西）这个常见的动宾搭配,可以将这个名词用thing (东西）来代替：
=the thing that is needed
在翻译是,有几种处理方法：

将英语的被动态译成汉语的主动态,如你所说：我们需要做的（事情）是.
而原句为被动语态,直译是：那个被需要的（东西）是.
汉语不太喜欢这个“被”字,常省略不说：那个所需要的（东西）是.

英语之所以用what来代替the+名词,更多的时候是不知道用什么名词好,有时汉语翻译时,也存在这样的问题,所以汉语可以用省略的方法,只保留一个“的”字就可以了：
我们所需要的（）是.

汉语用无主句.所需要的（）是.

本题句出自新概念英语第4册第25课：
Non-auditory effects of noise 噪音的非听觉效应
现成的翻译是：
对于噪音问题,需要对大量生活在噪音中的人进行研究,看一看他们是否比其他人更易患精神病.

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