英语翻译4.VIRTUAL INSTRUMENTA foundation of the control system d

英语翻译
4.VIRTUAL INSTRUMENT
A foundation of the control system design is the concept of virtual instruments.In traditional observatory system design,instruments are typically considered entities whose design and components are fixed well in advance of actual use of the instrument.The approach works quite well when the role of the instrument is well understood with respect to the experiments it is to be used for.It also fits well with a system design where the instruments must be mounted on the telescope (e.g.mounting at the Cassegrain focus),or exposed to the external environment - since the instrument is static,it can be more easily enclosed.
However,this approach has some drawbacks in a laboratory style environment such as that provided by the ATST multiple-bench coude lab.In particular,providing the flexibility to explore new experiments results in a significant effort to adapt existing instruments to meet the requirements of the new experiment.The Virtual Instrument Model has been developed to address this issue,by abstracting the concept of an instrument from the specifics of the components used within that instrument.This allows the configuration of an instrument to be quickly adapted to meet the changes required by different experiments or changes to the laboratory environment.
It should be noted that the virtual instrument is not a revolutionary concept but rather is the formalization of ideas often used in laboratory style experimentation.In the virtual instrument model,it is the experiment that drives the virtual instrument's 'design'.
4.1.EXPERIMENTS AND INSTRUMENTS
Experiments are the heart of ATST operations and the control system is designed with this in mind.A laboratory style environment provides flexible support to carry out Experiments that are likely not understood or defined at the time the laboratory itself is designed.An Experiment undertaken at the ATST requires a Virtual Instrument.

4.真正仪器
控制系统设计的基础是真正仪器的概念.在传统观测所系统设计,仪器典型地被认为设计和组分在对仪器的实际用途前很好被固定的个体.方法相当很好运作,当它将使用为仪器的角色很好了解关于实验时.它很好也符合在望远镜仪器的系统设计(即在卡塞格伦焦点的架置必须登上),或者暴露在外部环境-,因为仪器是静态的,它可以更加容易地被附寄.
然而,这种方法有有些缺点在一个实验室样式环境例如ATST多长凳coude实验室提供的那.特别是,提供灵活性探索在一个重大成就的新的实验结果适应现有的仪器符合新的实验的要求.真正仪器模型通过提取仪器的概念开发论及这个问题,从在那台仪器之内使用的组分的具体.这允许仪器的配置迅速适应遇见不同的实验需要的变动或变成实验室环境.
值得注意的是,真正仪器不是一个革命概念,而是宁可是想法的形式化常用在实验室样式实验.在真正仪器模型,它是驾驶真正仪器的‘设计’的实验.
4.1.实验和仪器
实验是ATST操作的心脏,并且控制系统鉴于此被设计.实验室样式环境提供灵活的支持执行是可能不了解或当时定义实验室被设计的实验.实验被承担在ATST要求一台真正仪器.