英语翻译Procurement is the process of obtaining all the goods an

英语翻译
Procurement is the process of obtaining all the goods and services required by an organization from external sources.
The aim is to obtain the bought-in goods and service at the lowest possible total acquisition cost,this does not mean simply the lowest possible purchase price,though that is the starting point,in fact,the total acquisition cost involves a complex mix of factors such as:
Best purchase price
Hidden costs of stockholding and internal administration
Cost of poor quality and late delivery
Loss of interest on early payments
Costs arising from a negligent or failed supplier
Costs of disposal and/or recycling
The procurement process
As a basic administrative process,procurement involves the following activities
Determining the need for a particular item or service
Contributing to development of the specification
Selecting the most appropriate supplier
Negotiating price
Placing the order
Expediting (ie chasing the supplier for completion of the order)
Payment
External relationships
The main role of the procurement function in an organization is to act as the prime interface with the external market place,relationships are developed with suppliers,following a process of evaluation to determine their fitness to provide required goods and services,once the relationship is set up,it must be managed
The basis of ant supplier relationship will be determined by the following:
The nature of the purchase (eg is it a one-off capital purchase or a recurring need?is it an item we have purchased before or a new product?）
Importance of the supplier/purchase to the buyer company
Supplier marketing and strategy
The relationship decision will also be influenced by the balance of power between the buyer and the supply market (not necessarily the individual supplier),for example,in some purchase decisions,the buyer has a wide range of choice among many suppliers capable of meeting the Requirement,this places the buyer in a strong bargaining position,in other cases,only a few suppliers (or perhaps just one) will be available,this tilts the balance of power in favour of the supplier(s)
The buyer's strength might depend on:
Percentage of product sales commanded
Attractiveness to suppliers
Supply logistics
He seller's strength could be influenced by:
Existence of competition
Availability of substitutes
Total capacity available in the market
Internal relationships
In order to fulfill its role of external resources management,to develop sourcing strategies and to identify suitable sources of supply,the procurement function needs to liaise with staff from other functions across a very wide range of activities,such as:
Business planning
Production control
Engineering
Stores
Sales and marketing
Purchasing company
To meet market commitments
Finance

采购的过程中获得的所有商品和服务需要由一个组织从外部来源.
这样做的目的是获取购买的商品和服务在尽可能最低的总收购成本,这并不意味着只是尽可能最低的购买价格,尽管这是出发点,事实上,总购置成本涉及的复杂组合因素,如：
最佳购买价格
隐性成本股份制和内部管理
质量差,成本和延迟交付
利息损失的早期付款
产生的费用由供应商的疏忽或失败
费用的处理和/或再循环
采购过程
作为一个基本的行政程序,采购涉及下列活动
确定是否有必要对某一特定项目或服务
有助于制定规范
选择了最合适的供应商
谈判价格
订货
加快（即追逐供应商完成订单）
付款
外部关系
的主要作用采购职能在组织中是作为总理接口与外部市场,关系的发展与供应商,下面的一个进程的评价,以确定他们是否适合继续提供所需的货物和服务的,一旦这种关系建立行动,就必须进行管理
根据蚂蚁的供应商的关系将取决于如下：
的性质购买（例如,它是一次性投资购买或经常发生的需要?是一个项目之前,我们已购买或新产品? ）
重要的供应商/购买给买方公司
供应商的营销战略
决定的关系也将受到之间的权力平衡,买方和供应市场（不一定是个别供应商） ,例如,在一些购买决定,买方有广泛的选择,许多供应商能够满足要求,这使买方在强大的谈判地位,在其他情况下,只有少数供应商（或只有一个）可,这个倾斜的权力平衡有利于供应商（县）
买方的力量可能取决于：
产品销售收入的百分比指挥
吸引力的供应商
供应物流
他卖方的力量可以影响：
存在竞争
是否有其他代替品
总容量可在市场
内部关系
为了履行其作用的外部资源管理,制定采购战略,并确定合适的供应来源,对采购职能的需要,并与其他职能的工作人员在一个非常广泛的活动,如：
业务规划
生产控制
工程
店铺
销售和营销
采购公司
为了满足市场的承诺
财经