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一般现在时,一般过去时

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一般现在时,一般过去时
一般现在时,一般过去时
一般现在时
一、构成
一般现在时除主语是第三人称单数时谓语动词要加s外,一律用动词原形.
二、用法
■一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频度的时间状语every day,usually,always,often,sometimes,on Sunday等连用.如:
I go to school at 6 every morning.每天早上我七点去上学.
■一般现在时表示客观存在及普遍真理.如:
Summer follows spring.春天之后是夏天.
The sun rises in the east.太阳从东方升起.
注意:此种用法即使出现在过去的语境中,仍用一般现在时.如:
I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school.我在小学就学过地球是围绕太阳转的.
■一般现在时表示格言或警句.如:
Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败.
■一般现在时表示目前的情况或状态.如:
I am a teacher.我是教师.
Peter writes good Chinese but does not speak well.彼得汉语写得不错,讲的可不行.
■在下列情况下表示将来:
1.在状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时.如:
I will give it to him as soon as I see him.我一看见他就交给他.
He will come if you invite him.如果你请他,他会来的.
Suppose he doesn’t agree,what shall we do?假如他不同意,那怎么办?
I shall do as I please.我高兴怎么做就怎么做.
He will continue the work no matter what happens.不管发生什么情况他都要继续这项工作.
2.表示按计划或时间表将要发生的动作,通常有表示将来的时间状语.如:
The plane takes off at 11:30 and arrives in Shanghai at l:20.飞机十一点半起飞,一点二十分抵达上海.
注:只限于少数动词能这样用,如 begin,start,,end,finish,stop,go,come,leave,sail,arrive,return,close,open 等.
一般过去时
一般过去时用动词的过去式构成,即在动词原形后加ed.
二、用法说明
■表示在过去某个时间所发生的动作或所处的状态.常与yesterday,last week,in 1989,just now,a moment ago,the other day等连用.如:
He was here just now.他刚才还在这里.
What did you do yesterday?你昨天做了什么事?
■在过去一段时间内的经常性或习惯性动作.如:
We often played together when we were children.我们小时候常在一起玩.
注:表示过去经常发生的动作还可用used to 和would.如:
He used to smoke a lot,but he doesn’t now.他过去经常抽烟,但现在不抽了.
Whenever we were in trouble,he would help us.每当我们遇到困难,他都会帮助我们.
■表示主语过去的特征或性格.如:
At that time she was very good at English.那时她英语学得很好.
■用在状语从句中表示过去将来.如:
He said he would wait until they came back.
■一般过去时有时可以表示现在,多与 want,hope,wonder,think,intend 等动词连用,使语气更委婉.如:
I wondered if you could help me.不知你能不能帮我一下.
有时用一般过去时也是时态一致的需要.如:
I didn’t know you were here.没想到你在这里.
注意:
1.表示一系列的动作,尽管有先后,都用一般过去时,最后两个动词之间用and连结.如:
He opened the door,rushed out and then disappeared.他打开门,冲了出去,然后就消失了.
2.注意在语境中理解“我刚才/原来还不……”.如:
—Your phone number again?I didn’t quite catch it.—It’s 2566666.请再说一次你的电话号码,好吗?我刚才没听清楚.是2566666.