灵鹊做题网急需关于南非历史的英文介绍
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急需关于南非历史的英文介绍
主要是黑人争取民权的那一段历史 急
主要是黑人争取民权的那一段历史 急
中文
1976年6月,南非发生自1910年建立以来最严重的黑人群众与警察的暴力冲突,造成至少176人死亡,1228人受伤.
纷争首先出现在约翰内斯堡附近的索韦托镇区.在那儿住有100多万黑人.6日,大约2000名中学生在索韦托市政府门前游行,抗议在学校中强制黑人学习南非通用的布尔语(南非荷兰语),他们认为学习这种语言就等于承认白人少数民族政府.
6月16日,一队抗议游行队伍被警察驱散,一名13岁的男孩被枪杀.此事引发了索韦托其它一些地区的暴力事件,其中一名黑人警察和一名白人官员被杀.骚乱随后开始加剧,抗议者和警察间的冲突使索韦托大部分有价值的建筑物遭到破坏.房屋被点燃,车辆被破坏,商店被抢掠,民间警卫人员在街头游荡.南非总理约翰·沃斯特下令“付出一切代价”恢复正常,一条由1000名武装警察组成的警戒线环绕着索韦托布置起来,以便将骚乱社区封锁.
但骚乱者从索韦托流窜到其它地区.在比勒陀利亚和约翰内斯堡附近的亚历山大黑人区,纳塔尔斯普鲁特以及勃克斯堡等黑人区相继爆发暴乱.其他地区的黑人大学也发生了严重动乱,在那儿有许多汽车和建筑物被烧.暴乱者用石块、板条、刀子在黑人住宅区争斗,到6月末流血事件结束时,有1298人被捕.据估计,仅在索韦托一处的财产损失就超过两千万英镑,几乎无一处市政建筑未被破坏.
在成百上千名死伤者中,仅有8个白人.7月,黑人教育部部长M-C-博塔取消了引发事端的有关学习布尔语的法令.但国际社会还是谴责了南非政府的种族隔离政策.联合国安理会通过一项决议称：种族隔离政策是“对人类良心与尊严的罪行”,并且赞同“南非人民斗争的合法性”.
关于南非种族隔离
南非自1911年起,先后颁布了300多种种族主义的法律、法令,残酷迫害有色人种.在政治、经济、文化、教育以至社会生活各方面,非洲人和其他有色种人备受歧视和限制.50年代开始,南非当局通过了“种族隔离政策”并立法,这些政策的实施使南非在世界上长期遭受孤立.随着南非黑人民权运动的不断高涨,1989年德克勒克就任南非总统,提出废除种族隔离政策并于1990年释放了非国大领导人纳尔逊·曼德拉.1991年,议会通过废除种族隔离基本法的法案,在法律上彻底废除了种族隔离.1994年,首次由全体人种参加新宪法规定地议会选举,曼德拉当选总统.这是南非共和国在废除种族隔离之后踏出的第一步.
英文
In June 1976, South Africa, took place since 1910, the most serious since the establishment of black people in violent clashes with the police, killing at least 176 people were killed and 1228 wounded.
Dispute first appeared in the Soweto township near Johannesburg. Where there are more than 100 million black people live. 6, about 2,000 secondary school students in Soweto in front of the municipal government to protest against the forced blacks to study in schools in South Africa a common Afrikaans (Afrikaans), they think learning the language is tantamount to recognition of the white minority government.
June 16, a team of police dispersed a protest parade, a 13-year-old boy was shot dead. This led to the Soweto violence in other regions, including one black and one white police officer was killed. Disturbance then began intensifying the conflict between protesters and police to make Soweto most valuable buildings have been destroyed. Houses were set on fire, vehicles were destroyed, shops looted, private security guards wandering in the streets. South Africa's Prime Minister 约翰沃斯特 ordered the "pay any price," returned to normal, one consisting of 1,000 armed police cordon around Soweto arranged together so that the community blocked the riots.
But the rioters fled from Soweto to other areas. In the vicinity of Pretoria and Johannesburg, Alexander black areas, as well as the Boke Si Nataersi Prut Fort successive outbreaks of violence such as the black area. Black universities in other parts of the serious disturbances took place, where there are many cars and buildings burned. Rioters with rocks, planks, a knife fight in the black residential areas, to 6 at the end the bloodshed ended, 1298 people were arrested. It is estimated that only one in Soweto property losses more than 20 million pounds, almost no one municipal buildings were not damaged.
In the hundreds of casualties, only 8 white. In July, blacks Minister of Education, MC-Botha lifted leading to the dispute about the decree to learn Afrikaans. But the international community is condemning the South African government's apartheid policies. The United Nations Security Council passed a resolution that said: apartheid policy is "to human conscience and dignity of the crime", and endorsed "the South African people's struggle for legitimacy."
With regard to apartheid in South Africa
South Africa since 1911, has issued more than 300 kinds of racist laws, decrees, cruel persecution of people of color. In the political, economic, cultural, education and even social life in all aspects, Africans and other people of color are subject to discrimination and restrictions. 50 years since the South African authorities, through the "apartheid" and legislation, implementation of these policies so that South Africa suffered a long-term isolation in the world. With South Africa's rising black civil rights movement in 1989, de Klerk became South African president, proposed to abolish the policy of apartheid and was released in 1990, the ANC leader Nelson Mandela. In 1991, Parliament passed a bill repealing the Basic Law, of apartheid, in law completely abolished racial segregation. In 1994, the first time by all races participate in the new constitution in parliamentary elections, Nelson Mandela was elected president. This is the Republic of South Africa after the abolition of apartheid, the first step.
希望有所帮助.
1976年6月,南非发生自1910年建立以来最严重的黑人群众与警察的暴力冲突,造成至少176人死亡,1228人受伤.
纷争首先出现在约翰内斯堡附近的索韦托镇区.在那儿住有100多万黑人.6日,大约2000名中学生在索韦托市政府门前游行,抗议在学校中强制黑人学习南非通用的布尔语(南非荷兰语),他们认为学习这种语言就等于承认白人少数民族政府.
6月16日,一队抗议游行队伍被警察驱散,一名13岁的男孩被枪杀.此事引发了索韦托其它一些地区的暴力事件,其中一名黑人警察和一名白人官员被杀.骚乱随后开始加剧,抗议者和警察间的冲突使索韦托大部分有价值的建筑物遭到破坏.房屋被点燃,车辆被破坏,商店被抢掠,民间警卫人员在街头游荡.南非总理约翰·沃斯特下令“付出一切代价”恢复正常,一条由1000名武装警察组成的警戒线环绕着索韦托布置起来,以便将骚乱社区封锁.
但骚乱者从索韦托流窜到其它地区.在比勒陀利亚和约翰内斯堡附近的亚历山大黑人区,纳塔尔斯普鲁特以及勃克斯堡等黑人区相继爆发暴乱.其他地区的黑人大学也发生了严重动乱,在那儿有许多汽车和建筑物被烧.暴乱者用石块、板条、刀子在黑人住宅区争斗,到6月末流血事件结束时,有1298人被捕.据估计,仅在索韦托一处的财产损失就超过两千万英镑,几乎无一处市政建筑未被破坏.
在成百上千名死伤者中,仅有8个白人.7月,黑人教育部部长M-C-博塔取消了引发事端的有关学习布尔语的法令.但国际社会还是谴责了南非政府的种族隔离政策.联合国安理会通过一项决议称：种族隔离政策是“对人类良心与尊严的罪行”,并且赞同“南非人民斗争的合法性”.
关于南非种族隔离
南非自1911年起,先后颁布了300多种种族主义的法律、法令,残酷迫害有色人种.在政治、经济、文化、教育以至社会生活各方面,非洲人和其他有色种人备受歧视和限制.50年代开始,南非当局通过了“种族隔离政策”并立法,这些政策的实施使南非在世界上长期遭受孤立.随着南非黑人民权运动的不断高涨,1989年德克勒克就任南非总统,提出废除种族隔离政策并于1990年释放了非国大领导人纳尔逊·曼德拉.1991年,议会通过废除种族隔离基本法的法案,在法律上彻底废除了种族隔离.1994年,首次由全体人种参加新宪法规定地议会选举,曼德拉当选总统.这是南非共和国在废除种族隔离之后踏出的第一步.
英文
In June 1976, South Africa, took place since 1910, the most serious since the establishment of black people in violent clashes with the police, killing at least 176 people were killed and 1228 wounded.
Dispute first appeared in the Soweto township near Johannesburg. Where there are more than 100 million black people live. 6, about 2,000 secondary school students in Soweto in front of the municipal government to protest against the forced blacks to study in schools in South Africa a common Afrikaans (Afrikaans), they think learning the language is tantamount to recognition of the white minority government.
June 16, a team of police dispersed a protest parade, a 13-year-old boy was shot dead. This led to the Soweto violence in other regions, including one black and one white police officer was killed. Disturbance then began intensifying the conflict between protesters and police to make Soweto most valuable buildings have been destroyed. Houses were set on fire, vehicles were destroyed, shops looted, private security guards wandering in the streets. South Africa's Prime Minister 约翰沃斯特 ordered the "pay any price," returned to normal, one consisting of 1,000 armed police cordon around Soweto arranged together so that the community blocked the riots.
But the rioters fled from Soweto to other areas. In the vicinity of Pretoria and Johannesburg, Alexander black areas, as well as the Boke Si Nataersi Prut Fort successive outbreaks of violence such as the black area. Black universities in other parts of the serious disturbances took place, where there are many cars and buildings burned. Rioters with rocks, planks, a knife fight in the black residential areas, to 6 at the end the bloodshed ended, 1298 people were arrested. It is estimated that only one in Soweto property losses more than 20 million pounds, almost no one municipal buildings were not damaged.
In the hundreds of casualties, only 8 white. In July, blacks Minister of Education, MC-Botha lifted leading to the dispute about the decree to learn Afrikaans. But the international community is condemning the South African government's apartheid policies. The United Nations Security Council passed a resolution that said: apartheid policy is "to human conscience and dignity of the crime", and endorsed "the South African people's struggle for legitimacy."
With regard to apartheid in South Africa
South Africa since 1911, has issued more than 300 kinds of racist laws, decrees, cruel persecution of people of color. In the political, economic, cultural, education and even social life in all aspects, Africans and other people of color are subject to discrimination and restrictions. 50 years since the South African authorities, through the "apartheid" and legislation, implementation of these policies so that South Africa suffered a long-term isolation in the world. With South Africa's rising black civil rights movement in 1989, de Klerk became South African president, proposed to abolish the policy of apartheid and was released in 1990, the ANC leader Nelson Mandela. In 1991, Parliament passed a bill repealing the Basic Law, of apartheid, in law completely abolished racial segregation. In 1994, the first time by all races participate in the new constitution in parliamentary elections, Nelson Mandela was elected president. This is the Republic of South Africa after the abolition of apartheid, the first step.
希望有所帮助.