英语翻译3 THE DUSKY SOUND 2009 EARTHQUAKEThe Mw 7.6 Dusky Sound

英语翻译
3 THE DUSKY SOUND 2009 EARTHQUAKE
The Mw 7.6 Dusky Sound earthquake of 15 July 2009 occurred at 9:22 pm local time within
the southern Fiordland subduction zone,rupturing the interface between the subducting
Australian Plate and the overlying Pacific Plate,with the deeper end of the rupture underlying
the Fiordland coast (Figure 1).The main shock was well recorded on the GeoNet seismograph
networks,GPS receivers,and strong motion recorders run by GNS Science.Seven
portable seismographs were deployed after the earthquake,providing good proximal data
and ensuring the aftershocks were well recorded to allow accurate delineation of the rupture
zone (Reyners 2009,Fry et al.2010).
Centroid moment tensor solutions for the mainshock indicate low angle thrusting on the
shallow part of the plate interface,initiating at a depth of 30 km,and rupturing about 50 km
up-dip and 70 km southwestward on the 140 × 80 km fault plane (Figure 1),with a maximum
of 8.9 m reverse slip occurring south and up-dip of the hypocentre (Fry et al.2010).Data
from the GPS receiver at Puysegur Point indicated 300 mm of coseismic horizontal motion
(Reyners 2009).Another notable feature of the event was the small amount of seismic energy
released by the earthquake,indicating an apparent stress drop of only 0.2 MPa.This apparent
stress release is lower than average for most subduction thrust events (0.3 MPa),and
considerably less than the 0.5 MPa stress drop associated with the smaller-magnitude 2003
earthquake (Reyners 2009),some 50 km to the north (Figure 1).
The earthquake also produced a long aftershock sequence,which in the first 5 days included
one of magnitude 6.1 and at least 15 of magnitude 5 to 6,which have been used as a proxy
for the fault rupture zone shown in Figure 1 (Fry et al.2010).Studies of the mainshock and
aftershock sequence are being used to define the geometry of the rupture zone,and calculate
stress changes on faults in the overlying plate,particularly the offshore portion of the
Alpine Fault.Preliminary calculations suggest that the stress on the deeper part of the Alpine
fault has been increased by up to 0.8 MPa,and on normal faults offshore by up to 3.0 MPa
(Reyners 2009,Fry et al.2010).
The apparent low stress release of the 2009 earthquake,combined with seaward directivity
of the rupture,may explain the relatively low (

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约翰沃尔夫冈冯歌德（ trans.André勒弗维尔）
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