英语翻译啄木鸟大约2000万年前开始在全球出现,现有200种,分布范围很广,几乎世界各地森林都有.它是树栖的攀禽.体型小

英语翻译
啄木鸟大约2000万年前开始在全球出现,现有200种,分布范围很广,几乎世界各地森林都有.它是树栖的攀禽.体型小到中等,具有对趾型的足,即等二、三两趾向前,第一、四两趾向后.喙强直尖锐,可用来凿开树皮.舌细长,能伸缩,尖端列生短钩,适于钩食树木内的蛀虫.尾呈楔形,羽轴粗硬,啄木时用来支架身体.
啄木鸟有极为高超的捕虫本领,它的嘴强直而尖,不仅能啄开树皮,而且也能啄开坚硬的木质部分,很像木工用的凿子,如果发现树干的某处有虫,就紧紧地攀在树上,头和嘴与树干几乎垂直,先将树皮啄破,将害虫用舌头一一钩出来吃掉,将虫卵也用粘液粘出.当遇到虫子躲藏在树干深部的通道中时,它还会巧施“击鼓驱虫”的妙计,用嘴在通道处敲击,发出特异的、使害虫产生恐惧的击鼓声,使害虫在声波的刺激下,昏头转向,四处窜动,往往企图逃出洞口,而恰好被等在这里的啄木鸟擒而食之.所以,这就是为什么总能听见啄木鸟发出”咚咚”的啄木声的原因了.大树里的蛀虫是啄木鸟的主要食物来源,所以,无论是雄鸟或是雌鸟,每天都要不辞辛苦的在树上啄500-600次来找寻蛀虫当美餐.
幼小的啄木鸟经过父母的精心喂养,大约鸟在出生后20天,它们就要学会飞,30天的时候老啄木鸟就要教给它自食其力的本领.这个时期教授小鸟生存本领对它的一生至关重要.通常,老啄木鸟会先在大树上这里啄啄,那里敲敲.忽尔,它停止了敲击,侧耳听听树干里的动静,示意小啄木鸟就在这里凿洞取虫.刚开始,由于小啄木鸟还很稚嫩,啄一会就会觉得有点劳累,嘴巴也有点疼痛,于是就在树枝上停下来.这时,母鸟就会飞到小鸟啄过的地方,接着用力一下一下凿下去,不一会儿就用舌钩把一个黄亮黄亮、韧胖韧胖的黄虫钩了出来.它把虫子衔在嘴里,既没送到小啄木鸟嘴里,自己也没吞下去,它用头示意小啄木鸟换位到它刚才凿开的洞口继续凿下去.小啄木鸟学着妈妈的样子一下一下用力啄下去,不一会儿,也钩出了一个黄亮黄亮的幼虫.从此,小啄木鸟就可以自己学会觅食了.蛀在大树里的虫子被啄木鸟消灭掉了,大树的“病”很快就痊愈,困此啄木鸟有“森林医生”的美称.

啄木鸟Woodpecker
种species
zygodactylous foot,对趾足
树皮bark
攀禽Psittaci
树栖的tree-dwelling
蛀虫bristletails
木质部xylem
The woodpecker appeared in the world about twenty million years ago,now it has 200 species which
spreads over almost all the forest in the world.It is a kind of tree-dwelling psittaci.Its body is from small to medium,it has zygodactylous foot,that is to say,the second and the third toes 向前,and 1st and the fourth toes backwards.Its beak is straight and sharp,which can be used to beat away the bark.Its tongue is slim and flexable,the top end of the tongue has lineally short claws applicable to catch the bristletails in the bark.Its trail shows cuniform,and the feather axes are strong and hard which are used to support its body when it is beaking.
The woodpecker has lofty ability of catching bristletails,its mouth is straight and sharp like a chisel,which can not only beak out the bark,but also the xylem.If it find a bristletail at one place in the bark,it clamber on the twigs tightly with its head and mouth almost vertical to the trunk,it breaks the bark and claws the pests out one by one and eats up as well as sticks their eggs with mucus.The bristletails in the bark are the main food resource for the woodpeckers,So,either the males or the females,should puts their selves out of the way to peck 500-600 times daily to catch bristletails as food.
After carefully feeding by the parents,the 20-day-old woodpecker can fly; while after 30 days the elders teach them the ability of earning their own living.It is important to teach the young woodpecker of living abilities during this stage.Generally,the elders beak on old trees here and there,suddenly they stop and listen to the sound in the bark and indicates the young woodpecker make a hole here and catch the bristletails.Firstly the young woodpeckers are too young to beak continuously,they feel a little tired and a little pain in their mouths,thus they stop in the branches.At this time,the mother will fly to the place where the young bird beaked and beak forcibly one by one,after a while she claws a bright yellow and fat bristletail out with her tongue.She holds the bristletail in her mouth without either sending to the mouth of her kids or swallowing down herself,but indicates the young woodpecker transfer a position to the hole she beaked to continual beak.The little woodpecker learns her mother,at a short moment,it claws a bright yellow bristletails.Then the little woodpeckers learn to catch larvae by their own.The bristletails in the old barks are eliminated by the woodpeckers,thus the “diseases” of the old trees will recover soon,and the woodpecker wins a good name as “forest doctor”.