英语翻译Mechanisms for RefillingPlants may generate the positive

英语翻译
Mechanisms for Refilling
Plants may generate the positive pressures necessary for refilling within the roots,throughout the stem,or locally,within the cavitated conduit.The mechanisms by which these processes occur range from fairly well understood in the case of root pressure to poorly understood for the phenomenon of local pressurization.
A.Root pressure:Many species are able to raise the hydrostatic pressure throughout their vascular system by actively loading solutes into their root stele.Osmotically produced “root” pressures,which may reach several hundred kPa,either force emboli into solution or push the air out of hydathodes or open vessel ends (Sperry et al.1987,Fisher et al.1997).Most evidence suggests that this process can only occur when the soil is saturated and transpiration is low,but the critical thresholds at which root pressure is inhibited have not been established experimentally.While the phenomenon is well documented in herbs and vines (Tyree et al.1986,Sperry et al.1987,Fisher et al.1997,Stiller et al.2003),it has only been reported in a small number of trees (e.g.,Sperry et al.1994,Ewers et al.2001).Diurnal refilling via root pressure has been reported in some crop species (Tyree et al.1986,Stiller et al.2003),but it is unclear whether trees employ root pressure for daily recovery of hydraulic conductivity.

再将机制注满的
在茎各处,或地方性地,在 cavitated 导管里面,植物可能产生对在根里面再将注满是必需的正压.在这些程序从公平地很好地在根压力的情况了解发生范围方面所依据的机制到贫穷地为当地压力化的现象了解.
A.根压力:许多种能够在他们的脉管系统各处藉由积极地载入溶解物进入他们的根刻有碑文的石柱升起流体静力学压力.渗透地生产了 " 根 " 压力,可能到达一些百 kPa,或力量 emboli 进入解决之内或者由于 hydathodes 或公开船结束 (Sperry 等人 1987,渔人等人 1997) 推动空气.大多数的证据意味着当土壤是饱和的,而且散发是低点的时候,这一个程序才能发生,但是紧要关头的门槛在哪一个根压力被禁止还没有被实验式地建立.现象很好地在药草和藤 (Tyree 等人 1986 、 Sperry 等人 1987 、渔人等人 1997,较静止的等人 2003) 中被证明,不过它只有在少数的树中被报告.(举例来说,Sperry 等人 1994,大口水罐等人 2001) 每日的再将注满经由根压力已经被在一些农作物种 (Tyree 等人 1986,较静止的等人 2003) 方面报告,但是它是不易了解的是否树雇用为水力导电率的每日恢复植根pe from prison 压力.
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