英语翻译(1) Nutrients might be divided into two categories based

英语翻译
(1) Nutrients might be divided into two categories based on the amount that we need.These are the macronutrients (carbohydrates,fats,proteins,and water),which we need in relatively large amounts and the micronutrients (mineral elements and vitamins),which we need in relatively small amounts.All of the nutrients except for mineral elements and water are classified as organic chemicals because they contain the element carbon.Mineral elements and water are inorganic chemicals because they do not contain carbon.The vitamins are divided into two general categorizes based on their solubility in either water or fat.The fat-soluble vitamins are vitamins A,D,E,and K; the water-soluble vitamins include vitamins C (ascorbic acid),niacin,thiamin,riboflavin,folic acid,pantothenic acid,pyridoxine,vitamin B12 and biotin.The mineral elements are divided into two categories based on the quantity of them that we need.Macroelements are those needed in relatively large amounts,while microelements are those needed in very small amounts,some example of macroelements are sodium,calcium,and phosphorus.Some example of microelements is iron,iodine,manganese,zinc,and fluorine.
（2）Title:Microbiological conditions of meats from large game animals and birds
Abstract
Large game animals and birds used for the commercial production of meat include deer of various species,wild boar,ostriches,emus and rheas,crocodiles and alligators,bison,and kangaroos.Meat from feral pigs and kangaroos is obtained from wild animals only,but much or most meat from the other game animals or birds is obtained from farmed animals.The microbiological conditions of meats from hunted animals can be compromised by poor placement of shots,the usual evisceration and sometimes further dressing of carcass in the field,and ageing of carcasses at ambient temperatures.However,the general microbiological conditions of carcasses from farmed game animals or birds slaughtered and dressed at suitable abattoirs can be comparable with or better than the microbiological conditions of carcasses from domestic animals or birds.The incidences of enteric pathogens on meat from wild or farmed game animals or birds can be less than those for meat from intensively reared domestic animals,but infection of some game meats with Trichinella or other foodborne parasites may occur.

1) 根据我们需要摄取的量得不同,营养成分主要可以分为两大类,即我们需要相对多量得主量元素 (碳水化合物、脂肪、蛋白质和水)和需要相对较少的微量元素(矿质元素和维他命).除了矿质元素和水,所有营养成分因为含有碳元素而都被称为有机化合物.矿质元素和水则因为不含碳元素而属于无机化合物.根据在水或脂肪中的可溶性,维他命主要分为两大类.脂溶性维他命为维他命A, D, E和K,水溶性维他命则包括维他命C (维生素C), 烟酸, 硫胺、维生素B2、叶酸、泛酸、维生素B6,维他命B12和维生素H.根据所需矿物质的量得不同,矿质元素主要分为两大类：即需要量相对较多的多量元素和相对较少的微量元素.多量元素如钠、钙和磷；微量元素如铁、碘、锰、锌和氟.
（2）标题: 大型狩猎动物和鸟类的肉体的微生物状况
摘要： 用于商业肉类生产的大型狩猎动物和鸟类包括各种鹿、野猪、鸵鸟、鸸鹋和美洲驼、鳄鱼和短吻鳄、野牛和袋鼠.野猪和袋鼠的肉只能从野生动物获得,但很多或者说大多数其它大型狩猎动物和鸟类的肉都来自于家畜. 捕猎动物的肉的微生物状况会因为射击位置不当、取出内脏、气温升高导致的尸体老化等因素而受到破坏.然而,在合适的屠宰场宰杀的家养狩猎动物或鸟类的尸体的综合微生物状况与家畜相当,甚至要更好一些.野生或家养的大型狩猎动物或鸟类的肉的肠道病原体发生率要低于集中圈养的家畜的肉,但会有野肉的毛线虫或其它通过食物传播的寄生虫感染.
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