文明的冲突 翻译WHY CIVILIZATIONS WILL CLASH Civilization identity w

文明的冲突 翻译
WHY CIVILIZATIONS WILL CLASH
Civilization identity will be increasingly important in the future, and the world will be shaped in large measure by the interactions among seven or eight major civilizations. These include Western, Confucian, Japanese, Islamic, Hindu, Slavic-Orthodox, Latin American and possibly African civilization. The most important conflicts of the future will occur along the cultural fault lines separating these civilizations from one another.
Why will this be the case?
First, differences among civilizations are not only real; they are basic. Civilizations are differentiated from each other by history, language, culture, tradition and, most important, religion. The people of different civilizations have different views on the relations between God and man, the individual and the group, the citizen and the state, parents and children, husband and wife, as well as differing views of the relative importance of rights and responsibilities, liberty and authority, equality and hierarchy. These differences are the product of centuries. They will not soon disappear. They are far more fundamental than differences among political ideologies and political regimes. Differences do not necessarily mean conflict, and conflict does not necessarily, mean violence. Over the centuries, however, differences among civilizations have generated the most prolonged and the most violent conflicts.
Second, the world is becoming a smaller place. The interactions between peoples of different civilizations are increasing; these increasing interactions intensify civilization consciousness and awareness of differences between civilizations and commonalities within civilizations. North African immigration to France generates hostility among Frenchmen and at the same time increased receptivity to immigration by "good" European Catholic Poles. Americans react far more negatively to Japanese investment than to larger investments from Canada and European countries. Similarly, as Donald Horowitz has pointed out, "An Ibo may be ... an Owerri Ibo or an Onitsha Ibo in what was the Eastern region of Nigeria. In Lagos, he is simply an Ibo. In London, he is a Nigerian. In New York, he is an African." The interactions among peoples of different civilizations enhance the civilization-consciousness of people that, in turn, invigorates differences and animosities stretching or thought to stretch back deep into history.

为什么文明会发生冲突
文明的身份将越来越重要,在未来,世界将形成在很大程度上受之间的相互作用七或八个主要文明.这些措施包括中西区,儒家,日本,伊斯兰,印度教,斯拉夫-东正教,拉丁美洲和非洲文明的可能.最重要的冲突,未来将出现沿文化的断层线分开,这些文明从一个另一个.
为什么会这样的情况呢?
第一,不同文明之间的分歧不仅是真实的;他们的基本.文明是有区别的,从对方的历史,语言,文化,传统和最重要的是,宗教.人民的不同文明有不同的看法之间的关系上帝和人,个人和工作组,公民与国家,父母和子女,丈夫和妻子,以及不同意见的相对重要性的权利和责任,自由和权力,平等和层次.这些差异是产品的世纪.他们将不会在短期内消失.他们是更根本的远多于分歧之间的政治意识形态和政治制度.差异并不一定意味着冲突,冲突并不一定意味着暴力.数百年来,然而,不同文明之间的差异产生的最长时间和最暴力冲突.
第二,世界正在成为一个规模较小的地方.之间的相互作用,人民的不同文明正在增加;这些日益增加的互动,强化文明意识和意识的差异,不同文明之间的共同点和文明.北非移民法国产生的敌意和法国之间在同一时间,增加接受移民由“良好” ,欧洲的天主教波兰人.美国人的反应远比消极的投资比日本更大的投资来自加拿大和欧洲国家.同样,作为司长霍洛维茨指出,“国际文凭组织可能...一奥韦里国际文凭组织或一onitsha国际文凭组织在什么是东部地区的尼日利亚,在拉各斯,他简直是国际文凭组织.在伦敦,他是尼日利亚.在纽约期间,他是一个非洲“ .之间的相互作用人民的不同文明,提高文明意识的人认为,在转,invigorates的分歧和仇恨,拉伸或思想,以舒展回到深走入历史.