英语翻译The Science of EcologyThe world in which we live consist

英语翻译
The Science of Ecology
The world in which we live consists of living organisms and non-living structures.Often,relationships between organisms or between organisms and non-living structures are clearly visible.The science of ecology in its pure form studies the relationships of organisms with their environment.“Organisms means all living entities; this definition excludes relationships between non-living entities as a possible object of study for ecology.The term “environment” is meant in the sense of “the surrounding world,” i.e.,all entities,living or not,which surround a living entity.
Thus for a grazing rabbit the environment includes for example other rabbits,grass,soil and weather.Ecology is a study of relationships.These can be very complex or hardly recognizable.Therefore often studies are done on the relationship of one kind of organism,a species,with its environment.This type of ecology is called autecology.Even then reality mostly appears to be incredibly complex,as paws of the organism ( organs or even cells ) react differently to environmental influences.Hence ecophysiology has gained more and more importance,particularly in the last few decades.
The study of the relationships between groups of organisms and between so-called “communities” and the non-living (biotic) environment is called synecology.On this level of complexity autecological issues are often neglected,as these would render any understanding at the commuty level almost impossible.

生态科学
我们生活的世界由生物和非生物构成.通常,生物之间或生物和非生物之间的关系是显而易见的.生态科学是纯粹研究生物和它的环境之关系.“生物”指的是所有有生命的东西；在生态学中,这个定义不包括非生物之间的关系.“环境”这个词指的是“周围世界”,即所有的东西,无论有无生命,都包围着生物.
因此,对一只草食兔子来说,环境包括其他兔子,草,土壤和气候.生态学是研究这种关联.这些（关联）会很复杂也不容易识别.因此,研究通常只是针对一种生物、一个物种同它环境的关联.这类生态学被称作个体生态学.尽管在现实通常是难以置信的复杂,因为生物的各部分（器官甚至细胞）对环境的影响反应不同.所以个体生态学变得越来越重要,特别是在过去几十年来.
对一群生物之间和所谓“种群”同非生物（生物）环境之间关系的研究被称为群体生态学.在这一层次上,个体生态学的方面通常被忽略了,否则对种群水准的认识是不可能的.